Lesson 230
Embedded & Real-Time Systems
Deadlines · RTOS · Scheduling
1:00How computers hidden inside things must guarantee correct answers before strict deadlines — and the scheduling algorithms and OS tools that make that possible.
By the end, you can
- Explain what makes a system "embedded" and list its typical resource constraints.
- Distinguish real-time correctness (on-time) from raw performance (fast).
- Classify a deadline scenario as hard, firm, or soft, and justify the classification.
- Compare bare-metal super-loops and an RTOS, identifying when each is appropriate.
- Apply the RMS priority rule and compute CPU utilization to check schedulability.
- Explain why EDF achieves higher utilization than RMS and describe its overload weakness.
- Trace the three-step sequence of a priority inversion and explain why it is dangerous.
- Describe how priority inheritance prevents priority inversion, citing the Mars Pathfinder patch.
- Explain the roles of watchdog timers, interrupts, and duty cycling in embedded designs.
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